diff --git a/native/craft-core/src/error.rs b/native/craft-core/src/error.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69a72fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/native/craft-core/src/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+use crate::CraftResult;
+
+/// BitAnswer BIT_STATUS 错误码到结构化错误的精简映射。
+/// 完整 200+ 码请参考 bitanswer.h，此处映射文档中明确列出的高频码。
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum LicenseError {
+    Success,
+    NetworkError,
+    WrongHandle,
+    InvalidParameter,
+    ApplicationDataError,
+    LicenseExpired,
+    LicenseNotFound,
+    LicenseDisabled,
+    FeatureNotFound(u32),
+    FeatureExpired(u32),
+    FeatureTypeNotMatch(u32),
+    SnInvalid,
+    SnNotFound,
+    SnDisabled,
+    SnRevoked,
+    SnExpired,
+    CapacityExhausted,
+    ServerBusy,
+    ServerDown,
+    Timeout,
+    Unknown(u32),
+}
+
+impl LicenseError {
+    /// 将 BitAnswer BIT_STATUS (u32) 映射为 LicenseError
+    pub fn from_bit_status(status: u32) -> Self {
+        match status {
+            0x0000 => LicenseError::Success,
+            0x0101 => LicenseError::NetworkError,
+            0x0102 => LicenseError::WrongHandle,
+            0x0103 => LicenseError::InvalidParameter,
+            0x0105 => LicenseError::ApplicationDataError,
+            0x0701 => LicenseError::LicenseExpired,
+            0x0114 => LicenseError::LicenseNotFound,
+            0x0705 => LicenseError::LicenseDisabled,
+            0x0503 => LicenseError::FeatureNotFound(0),
+            0x0509 => LicenseError::FeatureExpired(0),
+            0x0504 => LicenseError::FeatureTypeNotMatch(0),
+            0x011C => LicenseError::SnInvalid,
+            0x0706 => LicenseError::SnNotFound,
+            // 继续保留对相关码的映射
+            0x0123 => LicenseError::SnRevoked,
+            0x0107 => LicenseError::ServerBusy,
+            0x0108 => LicenseError::ServerDown,
+            0x0141 => LicenseError::Timeout,
+            0x0712 => LicenseError::CapacityExhausted,
+            _ => LicenseError::Unknown(status),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn message(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            LicenseError::Success => "ok",
+            LicenseError::NetworkError => "network error",
+            LicenseError::WrongHandle => "wrong handle",
+            LicenseError::InvalidParameter => "invalid parameter",
+            LicenseError::ApplicationDataError => "application data error",
+            LicenseError::LicenseExpired => "license expired",
+            LicenseError::LicenseNotFound => "license not found",
+            LicenseError::LicenseDisabled => "license disabled",
+            LicenseError::FeatureNotFound(_) => "feature not found",
+            LicenseError::FeatureExpired(_) => "feature expired",
+            LicenseError::FeatureTypeNotMatch(_) => "feature type not match",
+            LicenseError::SnInvalid => "sn invalid",
+            LicenseError::SnNotFound => "sn not found",
+            LicenseError::SnDisabled => "sn disabled",
+            LicenseError::SnRevoked => "sn revoked",
+            LicenseError::SnExpired => "sn expired",
+            LicenseError::CapacityExhausted => "capacity exhausted",
+            LicenseError::ServerBusy => "server busy",
+            LicenseError::ServerDown => "server down",
+            LicenseError::Timeout => "timeout",
+            LicenseError::Unknown(_) => "unknown error",
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_success(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, LicenseError::Success)
+    }
+}
+
+/// 将 LicenseError 转为 C ABI 兼容的 CraftResult
+pub fn to_craft_result(error: LicenseError) -> CraftResult {
+    if error.is_success() {
+        // 对于成功场景，返回一个最小的 CraftResult（message 指针为 NULL，调用方通过成功状态判断）
+        CraftResult { success: 1, message: std::ptr::null() }
+    } else {
+        // 使用堆分配的消息指针（调用方通过 craft_free_license_info 类似方式释放）
+        let msg = format!("{}\0", error.message());
+        let msg_ptr = msg.as_ptr() as *const std::os::raw::c_char;
+        std::mem::forget(msg); // 内存由调用方管理
+        CraftResult {
+            success: 0,
+            message: msg_ptr,
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/native/craft-core/src/lib.rs b/native/craft-core/src/lib.rs
index 7ba166f..6364877 100644
--- a/native/craft-core/src/lib.rs
+++ b/native/craft-core/src/lib.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ mod activate;
 mod heartbeat;
 mod license;
 mod security;
+mod error;
 
 pub struct CraftContext {
     dummy: i32,